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An atom is the smallest unit of matter that has the properties of distinctive a chemical element. It is also called the basic building block of chemistry. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is made of neutral or ionized atoms. Most of the atoms are empty space. The rest are made of a nucleus and one or more electrons around the nucleus. The nucleus is made of one or many protons and some neutrons. The electrons are the lightest and negatively charged particles. The nucleus is small and dense compared to the electrons.

LAWS OF CHEMICAL COMBINATION There are four laws of chemical combination which describe the general features of a chemical change. Although research has shown that these laws are only approximately correct, they still form the basis of chemistry. The Law of Conservation of Mass The Atomic Theory proposed by John Dalton states that atoms can neither be created nor destroyed but change from one form to another. Since matter is made up of atoms, matter too can neither be created nor destroyed. This is stated in the Law of Conservation of